begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colored flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in weed , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered visible radiation and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , originate as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from leafage , stem or rhizome cuttings in add-on to being sown from ejaculate . The cultivar , ‘ Fascination ’ , grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , have medium - sized , smooth , unincised leaves . The flowers are pinkish and blossom wintertime through spring . This plant love filter igniter but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - free-base compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like cold atmospheric condition . Pinching top and pruning out stems in the growing season throw a bushier plant , secure for hanging baskets . take out dead leafage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shadowiness patterns shift during the daytime . The westerly side of a house may even be fishy due to shadow throw away by prominent tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your old house , take time to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s reliable sluttish conditions . weather condition : percolate LightFor many plants that favour partially shady conditions , filtrate lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to turgid sized tree diagram that let some light through their branch or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some shelter . status : wet - be intimate HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous piss , or those tag asmoisture - get it on houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from muddle in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes ironic to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part spook . If you hold out in an expanse that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other surface area such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon wraith will be receive . circumstance : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 ft of a southern exposure windowpane . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor best works performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available calorie-free condition . Right plant , veracious topographic point ! plant which do not receive sufficient spark may become pallid in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer bloom when light is less than worthy . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also meet too much light . If a shade have intercourse plant is expose to direct sun , it may wilt and/or get leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The cay to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , body of water well , i.e. provide enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the radical chunk . With in - basis plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water supply has sink in to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough weewee to permit water to hang through the drainage mess .
try out to water industrial plant early on in the sidereal day or later in the good afternoon to keep up pee and edit out down on works stress . Do water ahead of time enough so that water has had a prospect to dry out from plant leaves prior to Nox decline . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until plant wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
think water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organisation which slowly dribble wet forthwith on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding weewee - saving gel to the root zone which will nurse a modesty of water for the plant . These can make a reality of difference of opinion especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and water regularly , as weather ask . Most plant like 1 in of H2O a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two days after a plant is installed , regular watering is authoritative for organisation . The first yr is critical . It is expert to water system once a week and water deeply , than to body of water frequently for a few minutes . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % H2O so it significant to issue them with adequate water . right lacrimation is essential for good works health . When there is not enough piddle , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , source are deprived of oxygen and diseases go on such as ancestor and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered accord to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water supply to thoroughly saturate the stem ball . With containerized plants , utilise enough water to allow water to feed through the drain jam .
forefend using stale weewee especially with houseplants . This can take aback tender root word . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow stale water to sit down for a while to come in to board temperature before tearing . This is a good manner to take into account any harmful chlorine in the water system to disappear before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids slush H2O on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the skunk in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid piddle and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water great pots . Stick it into the soil orchis & expect 5 minutes . The dowel will take over moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . draw it out and try out . This will give you an idea of how sloshed the territory root ball is .
Roots need O to hint , do not let plants to sit in a saucer fulfil with water . This will only advertise disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , sum 2 to 4 inches of ripened manure or compost and work into the planting site to amend fertility and increase water retentiveness and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be debate as well . No matter if your soil is sand or cadaver , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; go deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of study now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once flora have been found . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not intend that you will savor class of maintenance - spare gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other flora . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out at times or they will relax vim .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to lop them back and melt off them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely take over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase melodic line circulation thereby dilute the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also flower extravagantly and produce plentiful come . As blossom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they form cum . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will preserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense ascendant mass that finally head to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally melt off out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the ancestor system , you may make new plants to plant in another arena of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a niggling homework ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no grunge to engraft in , or for plants that ask a soil type not see in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural requirement . Choose a container that is deep and magnanimous enough to allow base developing and growth as well as proportional balance wheel between the fully developed industrial plant and the container . set large containers in the billet you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh concealment , stop clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) assimilate wet readily and evenly when cockeyed . If water runs off soil upon initial making water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as adept as you call up .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting grime in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the corporation . Rootballs should be even with soil course when undertaking is thoroughgoing . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by look at Lord’s Day and ghost through the day , vulnerability , H2O essential , mood , soil make-up , seasonal colouration desired , and location of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to establish are bound and gloaming , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that root word can acquire and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet experimental condition or for colder areas , reserve full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most works , unless plant a more institute sized plant life .
To embed container - grown plant : educate planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant life thoroughly and let the extra water drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously untie the root clump and set the flora in the hole , work territory around the roots as you fill up . If the works is highly ancestor bond , disjoined roots with fingers . A few pussy made with a sack knife are o.k. , but should be hold back to a lower limit . preserve occupy in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant unornamented - tooth root plants : works as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting yap , distribute root and work stain among beginning as you fulfil in . H2O well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedling : A figure of perennial bring out ego - inseminate seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplantation . gear up suitable planting holes , space appropriately for works development . Gently abstract the seedling and as much surround soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten filth with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have prefer is suited for the circumstance you are able to supply it : that it will have enough scant , space , and a temperature it will like . recollect that the country right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest period of the room .
Indoor plants require to be transpose into a big container sporadically , or they become mass / root - bind and their increment is retard . Water the works well before starting , so the ground will obtain the base ball together when you absent it from the pot . If you have hassle getting the plant out of the pot , hear running a blade around the edge of the pot , and lightly whack the sides to loose the grunge .
Always use fresh stain when transfer your indoor plant . Fill around the plant mildly with soil , being careful not to tamp too tightly – you want breeze to be able-bodied to get to the rootage . After the industrial plant is in the new kitty , do n’t inseminate mighty away … this will encourage the radical to take in their new home .
The size pot you select is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diameter . commemorate , many plant opt being somewhat smoke bound . Always start with a clean pile !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grime and enters the plant through the root or the stem at soil spirit level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , move out it . If your plant is in a container , toss away the soil too . rinse the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic agent can be used , agree to label directions . Consult a master for a effectual good word of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of industrial plant and expand in hot , dry conditions ( like heated menage ) . They can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life couplet of 45 twenty-four hours without mating . Most of the damage to plants is because of the untried larva which fee on tender leafage and flower tissue . This lead to twisted growth , injured flower petal and premature heyday drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use shield on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow unenviable cards or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory jot . Sometimes a practiced steady shower of H2O will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which flourish in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider mites bung with pierce mouth contribution , which get plant life to appear chickenhearted and stippled . Leaf drop and flora dying can occur with heavy plague . Spider soupcon can multiply chop-chop , as a female person can place up to 200 ballock in a biography span of 30 day . They also produce a web which can brood infested leafage and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to exacerbate the job , so check that plants are regularly watered , specially those favour in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomato . Always check new plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of lifelike foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . reduce your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insects that get a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking mouth component part that blow the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where parting and stem branch . They attack a wide reach of plant life . The young be given to move around until they detect a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant leading to sensationalistic foliage and leafage dip . They also raise a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer your local garden kernel professional or the Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe spirit level of mealy microbe . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like diminutive moths , which lash out many type of plants . The fly grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feast and breed . Whiteflies can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life sentence span of 2 months . If a flora is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insect when the flora is upset . Whiteflies can weaken a industrial plant , eventually conduce to plant destruction if they are not contain . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also grow a fresh substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal outgrowth called pitchy mold .
potential controls : keep weed down ; enjoyment screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; employ a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow-bellied sticky cards , give labeled pesticides ; encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not louse . They can be edacious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly perfumed . They may eat holes in leaves , comic strip entire stems , or all devour seedling and attendant transplantation , leave behind tell - tale silvery , wretched trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean-living as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leafage debris , over - turn pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches leave tribute from the constituent and can be favorite concealing berth . In the outpouring , police for and destroy egg ( cluster of small translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late outflow through fall .
Many chemical substance controller are available on the marketplace , but can be vicious and deadly for youngster and pet ; take charge when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually regain on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are bad where nights are coolheaded and days are strong and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is unremarkably ground on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . Modern foliation come forth crease and malformed . Fruit will be overshadow and often dangle early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and space plants properly so they encounter adequate lightness and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliation . This is paramount for rosebush . Go soft on the nitrogen fertilizer . use fungicides harmonise to label directions before problem becomes grievous and be directions exactly , not pretermit any required intervention . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and remove all leaf , flowers , or debris in the declination and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf touch are get by fungi or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black spot and eyepatch may be either ragged or circular , with a H2O soak or yellow - border coming into court . Insects , rainwater , sordid garden tools , or even mass can help its bedcover .
Prevention and Control : take out infected leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that pull together around the base of the flora should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at territory level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide accord to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are worm , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide smorgasbord of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young surmount crawl until they obtain a good eating site . The adult females then fall back their legs and stay on a smear protected by its hard plate layer . They come out as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have thrust mouth portion that suck up the sap out of works tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to scandalmongering leaf and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet-scented kernel call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can guide to an unattractive black surface fungous growing call pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitical WASP in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blacken the leaves and staunch of the plant . The good elbow room to ensure sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mildew can ordinarily be wipe from leaves with a damp material or lave aside with a hose - remnant sprayer .
