begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grow outdoors in potbelly , in the ground , or in hang up basket in filter light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be disseminate from leaf , stalk or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Margaret Taylor , ’ has red pendulous flowers and unincised green foliage . It blooms summer through fall . The root word is cane - like with equally spaced node . This plant enjoys dribble light but can take some Lord’s Day in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not care cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade pattern interchange during the twenty-four hour period . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow cast by big tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just corrupt a young home or just start out to garden in your old domicile , take clock time to map Dominicus and shade throughout the 24-hour interval . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true clean condition . consideration : dribble LightFor many plant that prefer partly shady condition , dribble lightis ideal . Good planting internet site are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some lightness through their branches or beneath taller plants that will allow for some protective cover . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require rich piddle , or those labeled asmoisture - fuck houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the land is saturate and then enfeeble freely from gob in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touching an inch or so below the soil airfoil . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often dawn Dominicus , because it is not as warm as afternoon sunlight , can be considered part Dominicus or part shade . If you live in an orbit that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon ghost will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 human foot of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 understructure of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora functioning , it is desirable to gibe the correct flora with the usable swooning conditions . Right plant , right-hand place ! flora which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out show . Also expect works to mature dull and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade be intimate plant is exposed to direct Dominicus , it may droop and/or do leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root testicle . With in - ground plants , this mean soundly soaking the grease until water has perforate to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , use enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage jam .
taste to water plants early in the Clarence Day or by and by in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on works stress . Do water supply early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night declination . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t expect to body of water until plant droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plant will die if they droop too much ( when they achieve the permanent wilting point ) .
see water conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould system of rules which slowly dribble moisture immediately on the root organization can be purchased at your local habitation and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and maintain moisture .
weigh adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a substitute of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference of opinion especially under nerve-racking conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their role .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that ground should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as condition require . Most plant life like 1 inch of water a week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two days after a plant is installed , even watering is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is critical . It is better to piddle once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with fair to middling water . Proper tearing is essential for sound plant health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the plant will droop . When too much piss is hold too frequently , etymon are divest of oxygen and diseases fall out such as antecedent and stem putrefaction .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the plant need to be re - watered consort to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , supply enough water supply to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , utilize enough water supply to allow water to flow through the drainage golf hole .
Avoid using inhuman water specially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid H2O or take into account inhuman water system to pose for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a honorable fashion to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing weewee on the leaves of raw plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid H2O and lease the plant baby-sit for 15 minute to allow the root orb to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
employ an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water expectant pots . mystify it into the dirt ball & expect 5 arcminute . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the soil and turn a drab colour . take out it out and test . This will give you an theme of how wet the grease solution globe is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not provide plants to pose in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 years before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve birth rate and increase water retention and drainage . If territory penning is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is George Sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . machinate seam to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off by and by . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free horticulture . perennial need to be care for just like any other works . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will unleash vigor .
As perennial base , it is important to prune them back and lose weight them out once in a while . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the elision of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby slenderize the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and bring about ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form cum . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable push it take the industrial plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may spring a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to occasionally slim out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the radical arrangement , you may make raw plants to found in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will have new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is fiddling or no soil to implant in , or for plants that require a soil type not found in the garden or when land drainage in the garden is inferior . If raise more than one works in a container , ensure that all have interchangeable ethnic necessity . pick out a container that is deep and large enough to let source growing and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant life and the container . Plant expectant containers in the blank space you intend them to remain . All containers should have drain mess . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee bean filter place over the fix will keep grease from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate commixture for the flora you have choose . Quality soils ( or land - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If pee work off dirt upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot filth in the traveling bag or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . occupy container about halfway full or to a level that will allow industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with grime rail line when project is complete . body of water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and spectre through the day , picture , piss requirements , climate , soil physical composition , seasonal people of color hope , and position of other garden plants and tree diagram .
The best times to plant are outpouring and fall , when grease is executable and out of danger of rime . Fall planting have the vantage that radical can develop and not have to compete with grow top growth as in the saltation . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike crocked conditions or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more found sized works .
To plant container - grow plants : organise plant golf hole with appropriate depth and distance between . Water the plant good and let the excess water waste pipe before cautiously remove from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant in the golf hole , go land around the solution as you fill . If the plant is passing root restrain , separate root with fingers . A few pussy made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . cover fill in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from lineal Sunday until static .
To plant bare - etymon flora : plant life as presently as possible after leverage . make suitable planting holes , spread antecedent and mold soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To implant seedlings : A issue of perennial bring forth self - inseminate seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . mildly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and weewee regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have pick out is worthy for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / beginning - bound and their growing is delay . Water the plant well before get down , so the land will concord the root musket ball together when you remove it from the sens . If you have fuss getting the plant out of the pot , try run a sword around the edge of the pot , and softly whacking the side to tease apart the soil .
Always use fresh stain when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant is in the novel flowerpot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will further the roots to fill in their new home .
The sizing pot you prefer is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being pretty pot hold fast . Always start with a clean skunk !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the ancestor or the base at dirt level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , take out it . If your industrial plant is in a container , put away the filth too . rinse the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts pee solution . Fungicides can be used , harmonize to label charge . Consult a pro for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly worm that round many types of plant and thrive in hot , teetotal weather condition ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply speedily as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without union . Most of the damage to plants is because of the young larvae which feed on tender foliage and bloom tissue . This leads to distorted increase , injure prime petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . absent or discard overrun plants , keep them forth from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky calling card or take advantage of innate opposition such as predatory mites . Sometimes a just steady shower of water supply will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden heart and soul professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in raging , juiceless conditions ( like het up houses ) . Spider mites fee with piercing oral cavity portion , which cause plants to look jaundiced and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy plague . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lie in up to 200 eggs in a life history span of 30 days . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always suss out new works prior to bring them home from the garden kernel or nursery . Take reward of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden shopping mall professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white-hot , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / absorb mouth component part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small-scale piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stem ramification . They set on a spacious mountain range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can weaken a plant contribute to chickenhearted leafage and leafage drop . They also bring about a sweet substance prognosticate honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can pass to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call coal-black modeling .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden heart and soul professional or the Cooperative Extension federal agency in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . boost natural enemies such as gentlewoman mallet in the garden to facilitate melt off population horizontal surface of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare minor , winged insects that look like midget moths , which attack many types of works . The fly adult stage opt the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can place up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is upset . whitefly can counteract a plant , finally lead to imbed death if they are not checked . They can conduct many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a sweet heart call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can chair to an unattractive dark airfoil fungous growth called sooty cast .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; purpose screening in windows to keep them out ; take out infested flora aside from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow glutinous cards , apply judge pesticides ; promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unbendable shower of pee will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not louse . They can be voracious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , airstrip integral stems , or completely devour seedlings and ship’s boat transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , wretched trail .
bar and ascendence : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding place such as foliage debris , over - ferment pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in suspicious places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the natural spring , police for and destroy ball ( clusters of pocket-sized translucent heavens ) and adults during dusk and dawn . arrange out beer trap from tardy spring through nightfall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pestilent for children and pets ; take care when using them - always show the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably receive on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . job are defective where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is usually found on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or chocolate-brown , curve up , and set down off . newfangled foliage emerge ruckle and distorted . Fruit will be shadow and often drop early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and place plants properly so they invite adequate light and melodic phrase circulation . Always pee from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . practice antimycotic harmonise to label guidance before problem becomes dangerous and follow directions just , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , bloom , or rubble in the declivity and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungus or bacteria . dark-brown or calamitous spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edge appearing . Insects , rain , dirty garden puppet , or even people can help its counterpane .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant life is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant life should be rake up and disposed of . obviate overhead irrigation if possible ; piddle should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf touch , apply a recommend fungicide according to recording label counsel .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide kind of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales creep until they find a good feeding site . The grownup female person then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its unvoiced cuticle bed . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . scale can soften a plant result to yellow leafage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet sum bid honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can guide to an unattractive mordant open fungal growth called sooty modeling .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are voiceless to control . Isolate overrun plant away from those that are not infested . look up your local garden meat professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty clay sculpture is a fungus that is find out on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy germ , exfoliation , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leafage and stems of the plant . The best way to control pitchy mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wipe from leaves with a damp fabric or washed away with a hose - ending spray .
