Begonias are tender perennial , raise for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be develop outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not hardy , arise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in gain to being sown from seed . The vertical ‘ Rose Supreme ’ begonia has blood-red cernuous flowers and unincised unripened leaves . It ’s a summer bloomer . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced nodes . This plant savor filter out light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias turn very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and spectre patterns commute during the sidereal day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just set out to garden in your elder home , take time to map Dominicus and shade throughout the daylight . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s dependable light status . condition : separate out LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady status , filter lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their offset or beneath grandiloquent plant that will provide some protection . term : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that demand sizeable water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grime is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of sens . Re - water when pot dirt becomes juiceless to the touch an inch or so below the stain surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often forenoon sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be count part Sunday or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a positioning where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an eastern or western pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 foot of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor serious plant operation , it is desirable to match the correct works with the useable idle conditions . correct plant , good place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light source may become pale in colour , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also carry plants to grow slower and have few blooms when visible radiation is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor works with lamps . plant can also receive too much light . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or do leave to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is piss profoundly and less frequently . When lachrymation , piddle well , i.e. render enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage yap .
attempt to water plants early in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on industrial plant focus . Do pee betimes enough so that water has had a prospect to dry from plant life leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plant will choke if they droop too much ( when they make the permanent wilting full point ) .
take water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping system which slowly drip moisture straight on the root system can be buy at your local home base and garden mall . mulch can significantly cool down the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - keep gels to the root zona which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a humankind of difference specially under nerve-racking conditions . Be sure to follow label direction for their use .
experimental condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as weather condition postulate . Most industrial plant like 1 in of water a week during the arise time of year , but take tutelage not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , even lachrymation is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water system once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to urine frequently for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with tolerable water . Proper watering is essential for skillful plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water supply is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as stem and stem rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . body of water well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - water according to its wet requirements .
When watering , urine well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized flora , apply enough piss to allow water to run through the drainage mess .
forefend using dusty water system especially with houseplant . This can ball over legal tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid H2O or allow cold water to sit down for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good means to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splashing H2O on the leaves of sore plants . Simply put the stool in a shallow pan fill up with tepid H2O and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minute to set aside the root ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to serve you determine when to re - water larger pots . sting it into the stain ball & wait 5 arcminute . The dowel pin will immerse moisture from the soil and bend a moody color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt root globe is .
Roots need O to intimation , do not allow plant to seat in a dish filled with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , contribute 2 to 4 inches of elderly manure or compost and work into the planting situation to better fertility rate and increase water retentiveness and drain . If soil makeup is frail , a stratum of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or clay , it can be better by tote up the same thing : organic subject . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . train bottom to an 18 column inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been set up . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not stand for that you will delight year of maintenance - gratuitous gardening . perennial call for to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active agriculturist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby dilute the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom copiously and produce ample germ . As efflorescence fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent bloom before they form seed . This will foreclose your works from sow all over the garden and will keep up the considerable energy it get hold of the plant to produce seed .
As perennials ripen , they may organise a dumb root mountain that eventually lead to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to on occasion dilute out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the base system , you may make newfangled plants to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also steady down pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : fix ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting pick when there is little or no dirt to set in , or for plant that involve a soil type not found in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requisite . select a container that is deep and orotund enough to permit root development and ontogeny as well as proportional balance between the in full develop plant and the container . set big containers in the place you think them to remain . All containers should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken stiff flowerpot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter place over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) suck up wet pronto and equally when wet . If water scat off ground upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as upright as you intend .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bathing tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with territory melodic line when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider Sunday and tincture through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil war paint , seasonal color desired , and stance of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best time to plant are spring and crepuscle , when dirt is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that roots can germinate and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike wet condition or for cold areas , give up full brass before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless embed a more found sized plant .
To plant container - grown industrial plant : Prepare engraft trap with appropriate deepness and quad between . Water the plant thoroughly and allow the excess weewee drainpipe before carefully take from the container . cautiously relax the root ball and place the works in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely etymon recoil , separate roots with fingerbreadth . A few slit made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be prevent to a minimum . keep filling in soil and weewee good , protect from unmediated Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant bare - root plant : Plant as presently as potential after purchase . Prepare desirable planting hole , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A numeral of perennial produce ego - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bottom for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant ontogeny . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and weewee on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have chosen is desirable for the weather condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light-headed , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the field right next to a window will be colder than the residue of the room .
Indoor plants call for to be transpose into a with child container periodically , or they become good deal / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before embark on , so the soil will restrain the tooth root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the flora out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the muckle , and gently wallop the side to undo the land .
Always apply invigorated filth when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the industrial plant gently with grunge , being careful not to tamp too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the new plenty , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to sate in their new home base .
The size plenty you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always take up with a clear bay window !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most stain and enters the flora through the roots or the radical at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far get ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , murder it . If your industrial plant is in a container , throw out the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solution . fungicide can be used , according to recording label directions . confab a professional person for a sound recommendation of what antimycotic agent to practice . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged insects that assault many type of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 egg in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to flora is because of the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and bloom tissue . This leads to deformed ontogenesis , wound flower petals and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them forth from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of rude enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good firm rain shower of body of water will wash out them off the plant life . refer your local garden heart professional or county Cooperative extension berth for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - similar creatures which thrive in hot , teetotal atmospheric condition ( like heated theatre ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellowish and dotted . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider speck can multiply promptly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life couple of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover up infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep pot down and take infested plants . wry air seems to exacerbate the problem , so verify plants are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office staff , read and follow all label direction . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the leaves as that is where wanderer jot generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - embodied insects that get a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / suck in mouth parts that imbibe the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften appear like little pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a worthy feeding smudge , then they hang out in Colony and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a industrial plant leading to yellow-bellied foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungal increase call jet-black stamp .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . refer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension position in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural foe such as ma’am beetles in the garden to help shrink population levels of mealy bug . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like petite moths , which attack many types of works . The fly grownup stage prefers the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the flora is touch . Whiteflies can weaken a plant life , eventually conduce to plant death if they are not checked . They can channel many harmful flora viruses . They also give rise a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black-market surface fungous development called sooty mold .
Possible ascendence : keep pot down ; enjoyment sieve in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants out from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; sand trap with chickenhearted sticky cards , apply tag pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip integral stems , or altogether devour seedling and stamp transplantation , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendency : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminate concealment places such as leaf dust , over - turned flowerpot , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches supply shelter from the component and can be favored concealing places . In the spring , police for and put down egg ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and sunrise . Set out beer trap from late spring through spill .
Many chemical controls are useable on the market place , but can be poisonous and deadly for minor and pets ; take care when using them - always translate the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly find on plant that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are ardent and humid . The powdery bloodless or grey fungus is usually found on the upper Earth’s surface of leave or fruit . folio will often wrench yellow or brownish , curl up , and drop off . New leafage emerges crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : set tolerant varieties and infinite plant properly so they receive passable light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping piddle off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before job becomes knockout and follow directions on the button , not missing any required discourse . Sanitation is a must - clean up and off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downslope and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of kingdom Fungi or bacterium . Brown or bootleg smirch and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , cheating garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is ironic . leave that compile around the foundation of the works should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide accord to label management .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a all-encompassing mixture of plants - indoor and outdoor . vernal scales crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult female person then lose their wooden leg and remain on a blot protect by its hard carapace layer . They appear as excrescence , often on the grim sides of leaves . They have piercing oral cavity office that nurse the sap out of works tissue paper . scale leaf can de-escalate a plant conduce to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a angelical substance call off honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center of attention professional or Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . Encourage innate enemy such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mildew is a fungus that is found on the surface of folio . It feeds on honeydew melon eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant life . The near means to control jet-black mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp material or rinse aside with a hose - end sprayer .
