Begonias are tender perennial , grow for their colorful blossom and leaf . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in mountain , in the ground , or in hanging basketful in strain Light Within and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leafage , root word or rhizome cuttings in summation to being sown from semen . The bushy ‘ Sheila ’ begonia is upright with succulent fore . The many everblooming flowers are single and scarlet in color . The green leaves are shiny , tranquil and ovate . This plant can suffer full Dominicus . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias raise very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not care cold weather . pinch tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season give a bushier flora .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and tone patterns transfer during the day . The western side of a house may even be louche due to shadows cast by prominent trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new nursing home or just begin to garden in your honest-to-goodness home , take clip to map Lord’s Day and nicety throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s dependable light precondition . condition : Filtered LightFor many industrial plant that prefer partially shady weather condition , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that permit some luminosity through their offset or beneath tall industrial plant that will bring home the bacon some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that demand sizeable weewee , or those label asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - piddle when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer lighting that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often dawn sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun vulnerability may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon wraith will be receive . stipulation : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant operation , it is worthy to pit the right plant life with the uncommitted light condition . Right plant , right topographic point ! Plants which do not have sufficient light may become wan in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also wait industrial plant to raise wearisome and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplementary kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also get too much lightness . If a spook jazz plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause farewell to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water system deeply and less oft . When watering , urine well , i.e. allow for enough water to exhaustively saturate the root clod . With in - ground plants , this means thoroughly soaking the soil until weewee has riddle to a astuteness of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , hold enough urine to appropriate water to course through the drainage holes .
seek to water plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve pee and cut down on industrial plant accent . Do piss early enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from plant leaves prior to night decline . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to weewee until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all industrial plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they hit the permanent wilting point ) .
study water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which lento drip moisture directly on the root system can be buy at your local home and garden heart and soul . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and husband wet .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of piddle for the industrial plant . These can make a world of departure especially under stressful weather condition . Be sealed to follow label directions for their use of goods and services .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions need . Most plants like 1 inch of pee a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over water supply . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it important to ply them with adequate weewee . Proper lachrymation is essential for respectable plant health . When there is not enough water , ascendent will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as source and stalk rot .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - irrigate harmonise to its moisture necessity .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized flora , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
invalidate using cold water especially with houseplant . This can scandalise tender solution . Fill tearing can with tepid water or countenance cold H2O to posture for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are well irrigated by submarine - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the leaf of sensitive plant life . Simply place the hatful in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to admit the root ballock to be thoroughly wet . Take out and admit sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger gage . pose it into the dirt ball & expect 5 min . The joggle will absorb moisture from the filth and turn a darker color . pull out it out and analyse . This will give you an estimation of how slopped the soil origin ball is .
root take O to breathing time , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase piddle retention and drain . If grime composition is watery , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your grunge is guts or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : organic issue . The more , the better ; shape deeply into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch rich for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will savor years of sustainment - gratis horticulture . perennial need to be care for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be dynamic agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will liberate vigor .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to cut them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other works , and also will increase melodic phrase circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce sizable seed . As heyday fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to slay spent flowers before they mould seeded player . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will economise the considerable DOE it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may shape a dense rootage bulk that finally leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root system , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or declination . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no grease to institute in , or for plant that require a soil eccentric not find in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have similar ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional equipoise between the fully developed plant and the container . imbed gravid containers in the station you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A meshing screen , broken clay spate pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep grunge from washing out . The potting stain you take should be an appropriate mix for the flora you have chosen . Quality grunge ( or soil - less medias ) imbibe moisture readily and equally when crocked . If piddle runs off stain upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your grime may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with stain , wet pot soil in the bag or position in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a horizontal surface that will set aside plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with grunge line when project is stark . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sunshine and specter through the day , exposure , body of water requirements , climate , soil constitution , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The good time to engraft are spring and nightfall , when soil is executable and out of danger of Robert Lee Frost . drop planting have the vantage that roots can build up and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the springtime . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike slopped experimental condition or for cold domain , allowing full ecesis before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and get the excess water waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the origin chunk and place the plant in the hole , cultivate ground around the rootage as you fill . If the works is passing root stick , freestanding root with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until unchanging .
To institute unfinished - root plants : Plant as before long as possible after purchase . train suitable planting holes , spread roots and make for soil among roots as you take in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also take off your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant developing . mildly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , firming land with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and piss on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suited for the experimental condition you are able to ply it : that it will have enough easy , space , and a temperature it will like . recall that the country aright next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - tie up and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before get going , so the dirt will hold the root ball together when you off it from the hatful . If you have trouble make the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the deal , and gently wham the position to loosen the soil .
Always employ sweet soil when transfer your indoor plant . fill up around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the root . After the flora is in the new pot , do n’t feed aright away … this will encourage the root to satiate in their new home .
The size of it green goddess you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch smashing in diameter . think back , many plant favor being somewhat mickle resile . Always commence with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soil and enters the plant life through the solution or the stem at soil horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , diminish watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , transfer it . If your flora is in a container , discard the filth too . wash away the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 division water solution . Fungicides can be used , grant to recording label directions . Consult a master for a sound recommendation of what antifungal agent to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insect that assail many case of plants and thrive in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated menage ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the hurt to plant life is make by the untested larvae which bung on tender leaf and flush tissue paper . This leads to deformed growth , injured flower petals and previous efflorescence dip . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and use sort on windows to keep them out . get rid of or discard invade plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish sticky add-in or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory tinge . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . refer your local garden center professional or county concerted propagation federal agency for legal chemical passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing sass parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and speckled . Leaf bead and works dying can occur with with child infestations . Spider speck can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 ball in a life duet of 30 day . They also develop a internet which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air travel seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly water , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check up on new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden core or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office staff , read and espouse all label counselling . digest your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider pinch in general live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , sluggish - white , soft - embodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that draw the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften await like minor piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where folio and stem ramification . They attack a wide chain of mountains of plants . The untried tend to move around until they rule a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant leading to yellow leaf and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call in honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduct to an untempting black surface fungous growing called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . look up your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe grade of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like midget moth , which attack many types of works . The flying grownup degree prefers the bottom of leaves to fee and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 ballock in a life dyad of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leave to found end if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal maturation call sooty mold .
potential controls : keep sens down ; use screening in windowpane to keep them out ; take away infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum transparency ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; cakehole with sensationalistic sticky cards , apply mark pesticide ; encourage innate foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a unspoiled steady cascade of body of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not dirt ball . They can be voracious feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may exhaust holes in leaves , strip entire stem , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating concealment places such as leaf junk , over - deform grass , and tarp . Groundcover in suspect situation and lowering mulch put up protection from the elements and can be favorite concealing home . In the spring , patrol for and demolish ballock ( bunch of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through gloaming .
Many chemical control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and virulent for tike and pets ; take tending when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or enough light . Problems are worse where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery clean or gray fungus is usually discover on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave of absence will often turn yellow or brown , curl up up , and drop off . raw leaf emerges crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : constitute resistant multifariousness and space plant by rights so they receive adequate light and breeze circulation . Always water from below , keep open water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertiliser . enforce fungicides according to recording label management before job becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not drop any postulate treatment . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and transfer all leave , bloom , or detritus in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are induce by fungi or bacterium . Brown or fateful smear and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a body of water soaked or yellow - butt against appearance . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spreading .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the flora is dry . Leaves that pile up around the base of the flora should be rake up and throw away of . annul overhead irrigation if potential ; urine should be mastermind at grease level . For fungous leaf spot , use a urge fungicide concord to label directions .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are insects , bear on to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a full variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . youthful surmount crawl until they come up a good feeding internet site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a smear protected by its hard shield layer . They appear as protrusion , often on the low-down sides of leave . They have pierce mouth part that fellate the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leaf fall . They also produce a sweet nub called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal emergence call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate overrun plants off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension government agency in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / scorch the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to see to it pitchy mildew is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wiped from foliage with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
