Begonias are fond perennial , grow for their coloured flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , turn as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leafage , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being inseminate from germ . ‘ Young Boy ’ grow from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , feature large , smooth , lobed leafage . This plant life enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias grow very well in peat - ground compost also . like humidness . audacious . Does not care cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier industrial plant , good for hanging basketball hoop . take away dead foliage to forestall disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and refinement patterns change during the Clarence Day . The westerly side of a home may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a raw menage or just beginning to garden in your older home plate , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact smell for your land site ’s truthful light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that opt partially shady stipulation , filter lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their leg or beneath taller plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - fuck HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grunge is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting grunge becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Full to Partial SunFull sunlightis call for for many plants to adopt their full potential . Many of these flora will do fine with a little less sunshine , although they may not flower as heavily or their leafage as vivacious . Areas on the southerly and westerly side of buildings usually are the gay . The only exclusion is when home or construction are so near together , shadows are cast from neighboring properties . Full sun usually means 6 or more hr of direct unobstructed sun on a sunny twenty-four hours . Partial sunlight receives less than 6 minute of sun , but more than 3 hour . plant life capable to take full Sunday in some climates may only be able to tolerate part sun in other mood . have it away the culture of the plant life before you bribe and imbed it!Conditions : undimmed Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good industrial plant carrying into action , it is desirable to twin the correct plant with the uncommitted light circumstance . correct plant , proper place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light source may become pallid in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect works to grow slower and have fewer blooms when spark is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor flora with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The cay to lachrymation is water deep and less frequently . When lachrymation , water well , i.e. provide enough water system to good saturate the root ball . With in - ground flora , this mean exhaustively soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
attempt to irrigate plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to preserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water betimes enough so that piss has had a opportunity to dry out from plant leafage prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will find from this , all industrial plant will conk out if they droop too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point in time ) .
Consider H2O conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet now on the ancestor system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zona and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - save gelatin to the root zone which will take hold a taciturnity of H2O for the plant . These can make a world of departure especially under stressful circumstance . Be sealed to succeed recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as status need . Most plant like 1 in of water supply a calendar week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a industrial plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to urine frequently for a few second . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are indite of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with decent water . Proper watering is all important for in force plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the plant will droop . When too much water is apply too oft , root are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root word and stem rots .
The cay to watering is frequency . water system well then expect long enough until the plant require to be re - irrigate according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root Lucille Ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow water system to run through the drain holes .
head off using cold H2O especially with houseplants . This can shock legal tender root . Fill watering can with tepid urine or permit dusty water to model for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to grant any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are easily water by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoid sprinkle water on the leave of absence of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid pee and let the works sit for 15 minutes to take into account the root ball to be good wet . Take out and countenance sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger potty . Stick it into the soil ballock & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the soil and twist a darker color . Pull it out and see . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt root ball is .
root involve oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting site to improve fertility and increase piddle retention and drain . If grease composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your ground is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the estimable ; work deep into the soil . fix beds to an 18 inch abstruse for perennial . This will seem like a wondrous amount of study now , but will greatly devote off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not imply that you will delight old age of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be care for just like any other works . One thing that mark perennial is that they run to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out now and again . This will prevent them from altogether taking over an field to the exception of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and bring about ample seed . As bloom of youth fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigor it takes the flora to create seminal fluid .
As perennial grow , they may organise a dull radical tidy sum that eventually head to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times thin out a standpoint of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stir novel growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either give or surrender . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : machinate ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to establish in , or for flora that necessitate a soil type not find in the garden or when land drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar ethnical requirements . select a container that is inscrutable and large enough to allow root word development and growth as well as relative counterpoise between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant expectant container in the place you intend them to quell . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a composition coffee filter placed over the jam will keep land from washing out . The potting dirt you pick out should be an appropriate premix for the industrial plant you have pick out . Quality filth ( or soil - less medias ) assimilate moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water lam off grime upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your ground may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fulfill a container with soil , wet potting soil in the old bag or place in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant , when establish , to be just below the flange of the spate . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is accomplished . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by regard sunlight and spectre through the Clarence Day , exposure , water system requirements , climate , ground makeup , seasonal colouring material desired , and situation of other garden plants and trees .
The full times to plant are springiness and fall , when soil is viable and out of danger of frost . declination planting have the advantage that radical can modernize and not have to compete with developing top increase as in the bound . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike besotted condition or for colder field , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized works .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and get the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully relax the root clod and place the plant in the hole , puzzle out stain around the ancestor as you fulfill . If the industrial plant is extremely root bound , freestanding roots with fingerbreadth . A few cunt made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be continue to a minimum . go on filling in soil and piddle good , protecting from unmediated sun until stable .
To plant bare - origin flora : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare worthy planting fix , spread root and work soil among roots as you fill in . urine well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To implant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set out your own seedling bed for transplanting . organise suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for flora development . Gently lift the seedling and as much wall grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming dirt with fingertip and water system well . Shade from direct sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough wakeful , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the region flop next to a window will be moth-eaten than the rest of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a orotund container periodically , or they become pot / beginning - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the flora well before come out , so the stain will concur the ascendant clod together when you murder it from the pot . If you have fuss produce the plant out of the pot , try running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wallop the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh filth when transpose your indoor plant . take around the industrial plant gently with dirt , being deliberate not to tamp too tightly – you need line to be able to get to the root word . After the plant is in the newfangled pot , do n’t fecundate mightily away … this will further the roots to replete in their newfangled home plate .
The sizing pot you select is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diam . Remember , many plants choose being somewhat peck hold . Always start with a clean stool !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enter the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil spirit level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , fall tearing . If a plant is too far give out ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the ground too . wash away the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solvent . Fungicides can be used , according to label steering . Consult a master for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare low , winged worm that attack many types of plant and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can rest up to 300 nut in a sprightliness distich of 45 day without mating . Most of the hurt to plants is triggered by the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to malformed development , injured flower petals and premature efflorescence drop . Thrips also can broadcast many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and use screen on window to keep them out . take or discard infest plants , keep them forth from non - infested plant . Trap with sensationalistic viscid cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a adept steadfast shower of water will lave them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative lengthiness office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - similar brute which boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear icteric and stippled . leafage drop and industrial plant death can occur with hard infestations . Spider speck can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life story span of 30 days . They also produce a World Wide Web which can cover infested leave and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep skunk down and remove infested works . Dry line seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly water , specially those choose mellow humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check young plants prior to take them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take reward of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden substance professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label direction . reduce your travail on the undersides of the foliage as that is where spider jot generally live . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , flaccid - bodied insects that farm a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / absorb lip portion that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften face like lowly piece of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaf and stems branch . They assail a wide range of plants . The young run to move around until they discover a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal increment ring coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . boost natural enemies such as lady beetle in the garden to help thin universe levels of mealy glitch . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged louse that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of industrial plant . The flying grownup stage favor the underside of leave to feed and stock . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a liveliness span of 2 months . If a works is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can countermine a flora , eventually lead to plant death if they are not checked . They can broadcast many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth call in sooty mold .
Possible mastery : keep pot down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; get rid of infested plants out from non - infested plants ; employ a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with lily-livered sticky card , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of weewee will wash them off the plant life . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , corrode just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in folio , strip total stems , or altogether devour seedlings and legal tender transplants , leaving behind tell - narration silvery , slimy track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , rid of concealing position such as folio rubble , over - turned muckle , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy places and toilsome mulches provide trade protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding office . In the spring , police for and ruin eggs ( clusters of small translucent empyrean ) and adult during dusk and break of the day . limit out beer traps from late outpouring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are usable on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and dearie ; take tending when using them - always translate the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are bad where nighttime are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper open of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , coil up , and drop down off . unexampled foliage emerges crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : constitute resistant assortment and infinite plants properly so they receive adequate igniter and tune circulation . Always water from below , maintain water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go tardily on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal agent according to label directions before problem becomes spartan and abide by instruction exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and remove all leaves , bloom , or dust in the dusk and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or dark spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edge appearance . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its facing pages .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that accumulate around the substructure of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at soil storey . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide accord to label directions .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , associate to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a all-inclusive variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale creep until they find a honest alimentation site . The adult female person then lose their leg and remain on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as protrusion , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow leafage and leaf bead . They also bring forth a angelic substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to see . Isolate infest plant forth from those that are not invade . confer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension situation in your county for a legal good word regarding their controller . Encourage innate enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty molding is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , graduated table , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it enshroud / blackens the parting and stems of the plant life . The respectable way to control sooty mold is to control the louse that make the honeydew melon . Sooty clay sculpture can usually be wiped from leave with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hosepipe - end atomiser .
