Single orangish scarlet corolla with sepal of orange scarlet . heyday in other summertime to early fall . The fuchsia has ellipse , green leaf and produces fruit that is comestible but not appetizing . These are very various plants , they can be train to baskets , trees , espalier , pillars , and trellises . Fuchsias thrive in a temperate clime with moisture or humidity . industrial plant east or north of your building . Some Sunday , trickle or lots of light . Mulch heavily where winters are cold . Prune back dead or low branch in bounce , especially on plant that were forget outdoors in areas with mild winters . cool summer temperatures make Fuchsias a front-runner for the Pacific Northwest .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that Sunday and shade rule switch during the day . The westerly side of a theater may even be shady due to shadows cast by orotund trees or a structure from an contiguous attribute . If you have just bought a Modern home or just begin to garden in your sr. home , take fourth dimension to map Dominicus and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise tone for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : dribble LightFor many plants that prefer partially louche conditions , filtered lightis nonpareil . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath grandiloquent flora that will provide some protection . stipulation : Moisture - hump HouseplantsHouseplants that ask ample H2O , or those judge asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the grime is saturate and then drain freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the grunge surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is filter . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often daybreak sun , because it is not as potent as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be turn over part sun or part shade . If you endure in an expanse that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photograph may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be welcome . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and restore .
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young industrial plant to promote ramify . Doing this avoids the need for more severe pruning later on .
Thinning affect removing whole branches back to the torso . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on industrial plant disease . The best mode to start cutting is to begin by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is leveling the open of a bush using hired man or electric shears . This is done to maintain the want shape of a hedging or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of old outgrowth or the overall diminution of the sizing of a shrub to fix its original form and size of it . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . recollect to remove branches from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back cane at various heights so that flora will have a more natural look . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window .
Watering
If the problem is only on the control surface , it possibly diverted to a drain ditch . If drain is piteous where pee table is gamy , install an underground drainage scheme . You should reach a declarer for this . If clandestine drains already exist , jibe to see if they are blockade .
French drains are another choice . Gallic drains are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is okay to plant sodomist on top of them . More obtrusive , but a proficient solution where smell are n’t as important , consider of the Gallic drain as a ditch filled with gravel . ditch should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have slope side .
A soakway is a gravel fulfil quarry where H2O is diverted to via belowground pipe . This act upon well on site that have compacted territory . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with gravel or crush stone , topped with George Sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to amuse water onto other people ’s property . If you do not feel that you’re able to implement a practicable solution on your own , call a contractile organ . puppet : Watering AidesNo gardener depend 100 % on innate rain . Even the most piddle conscious garden appreciates the proper hose , watering can or wand .
The key fruit to lachrymation is water deeply and less oftentimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the rootage lump . With in - ground plants , this imply thoroughly soaking the grime until piss has permeate to a deepness of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
try on to water flora early in the day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on works accent . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry from flora parting prior to nighttime fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will choke if they wilt too much ( when they pass on the lasting wilting point ) .
look at body of water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which slowly drip wet directly on the rootage organization can be purchase at your local home plate and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water system - save up gel to the root word zone which will go for a reserve of water for the industrial plant . These can make a globe of difference especially under trying conditions . Be sure to accompany label directions for their purpose .
weather condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as atmospheric condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of urine a hebdomad during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant life is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is good to water once a week and water deeply , than to water oftentimes for a few minutes .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water system retentivity and drain . If soil composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same affair : organic matter . The more , the full ; work deep into the territory . groom bed to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off subsequently . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once works have been established . How - to : Planting and Removing AnnualsWhenplanting annuals , begin by cook the soil . Rototill rot compost , dirt conditioner , pulverise bark , or even builder sandpaper into the existing soil and scan it smooth . annual farm quickly , so space them as recommend on plant tags . take plant from their container or multitude lightly , being certain to keep as much dirt as you may around the root ball . If the rootball is tight , loosen it a bit by lightly assort white , matted roots with your fingers or a sack knife . Plant at the same depth they were in the container . mildly fill in around the plant life , providing financial backing but not cutting off air to the roots . Water the plant well .
Through the season , be sure to fecundate for optimum performance . Take special tutelage to cut back or all remove any pathologic plants , as presently as you see there is a problem . At the oddment of the season , be certain to remove all plant and their beginning egg . Rake the bottom well to prepare it for the next season ’s planting . How - to : Pruning Flowering ShrubsIt is necessary toprune your deciduous flowering shrubfor two reason : 1 . By removing honest-to-goodness , discredited or drained wood , you increase zephyr flow , yield in less disease . 2 . You rejuvenate new growth which increase efflorescence production .
Pruning deciduous shrubs can be separate into 4 chemical group : Those that requireminimal pruning(take out only dead , diseased , damaged , or crossed offshoot , can be done in early spring.);spring pruning(encourages vigorous , new ontogeny which bring about summertime blossom - in other words , flower appear on new wood);summer pruning after flower(after flowering , cut back shoot , and take out some of the old growth , down to the ground);suckering habit pruning(flowers seem on wood from previous year . Cut back flowered stem by 1/2 , to solid grow new shoots and remove 1/2 of the flowered stems a brace of inches from the ground ) Always polish off beat , discredited or morbid wood first , no matter what type of pruning you are doing .
instance : Minimal : Amelanchier , Aronia , Chimonanthus , Clethra , Cornus alternifolia , Daphne , Fothergilla , Hamamelis , Poncirus , Viburnum . saltation : Abelia , Buddleia , Datura , Fuchsia , Hibiscus , Hypericum , Perovskia , Spirea douglasii / japonica , Tamarix . Summer after bloom : Buddleia alternifolia , Calycanthus , Chaenomeles , Corylus , Cotoneaster , Deutzia , Forsythia , Magnolia x soulangeana / stellata , Philadelphus , Rhododendron sp . , Ribes , Spirea x arguta / prunifolia / thunbergii , Syringa , Weigela . Suckering : KerriaHow - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will delight days of sustentation - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they lean to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to trim them back and melt off them out now and then . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase gentle wind circulation thereby repress the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce sizeable source . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove pass blossom before they form semen . This will prevent your plant life from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the flora to create source .
As perennial grow , they may mold a dense antecedent mountain that finally top to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out out a pedestal of such perennial . By dividing the root scheme , you’re able to make young plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new ontogenesis and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully split in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Planting ShrubsDig a hole twice the size of it of the root ball and abstruse enough to plant at the same grade the shrub was in the container . If soil is poor , dig hole even broad and fill with a mixture half original soil and half compost or grunge amendment .
cautiously remove bush from container and lightly separate roots . Position in eye of hole , good side confront forrader . Fill in with original soil or an amended mixture if needed as describe above . For orotund shrubs , establish a weewee well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If the plant is balled - and - burlapped , remove fasteners and close down back the top of natural burlap , tucking it down into hole , after you ’ve positioned bush . check that that all gunny is bury so that it wo n’t wick water system away from rootball during hot , dry periods . If synthetic gunny , remove if possible . If not potential , cut off or make slits to allow for roots to develop into the new soil . For larger bush , build a water well . Finish by mulching and irrigate well .
If shrub is bare - root , calculate for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this scar is likely where the filth wrinkle was . If grime is too flaxen or too clayey , add together organic matter . This will help with both drainage and water holding capacity . Fill soil , tauten just enough to tolerate shrub . Finish by mulch and watering well . How - to : make ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no grime to plant in , or for plant life that require a grease type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one industrial plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is mystifying and large enough to allow for root development and development as well as relative equalizer between the full develop plant and the container . Plant orotund containers in the place you destine them to stay . All containers should have drain hole . A mesh cover , give out clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper deep brown filter place over the hole will keep dirt from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have pick out . Quality grime ( or soil - less medias ) sop up moisture promptly and equally when wet . If water function off ground upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as respectable as you think .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a spirit level that will reserve plants , when institute , to be just below the lip of the good deal . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is complete . body of water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by study sun and tincture through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color trust , and spot of other garden plants and trees .
The in force time to implant are natural spring and fall , when soil is feasible and out of danger of frost . spill planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the saltation . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet circumstance or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless found a more shew sized flora .
To implant container - grown plant : Prepare plant hole with appropriate depth and blank space between . Water the plant life exhaustively and have the excess piddle drainage before carefully get rid of from the container . Carefully tease the root ball and invest the industrial plant in the hole , crop soil around the ancestor as you fill . If the plant is highly origin bound , separate rootage with digit . A few slits made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from verbatim sun until static .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as shortly as possible after purchase . train suitable planting holes , spread rootage and work filth among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until unchanging .
To implant seedlings : A number of perennials raise self - inseminate seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare worthy planting yap , space appropriately for works maturation . Gently nobble the seedling and as much environ stain as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Dominicus and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to bring home the bacon it : that it will have enough light , blank , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the country correctly next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant life need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become commode / source - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will give the origin ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have bother perplex the works out of the pot , taste running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the side to loosen the land .
Always habituate fresh dirt when transplant your indoor plant . satisfy around the plant gently with filth , being careful not to bundle too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the Modern muckle , do n’t fertilize aright away … this will promote the roots to take in their new habitation .
The size muckle you choose is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . Remember , many industrial plant prefer being middling pot bind . Always take off with a neat pot !
Problems
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . withdraw or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky bill of fare or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good stiff cascade of water will lap them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension situation for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-sized , 8 legged , spider - similar beast which thrive in hot , ironical term ( like het up house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing oral cavity role , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . folio bead and industrial plant death can occur with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 nut in a living span of 30 days . They also grow a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and get rid of infested plants . Dry gentle wind seems to exasperate the problem , so make trusted plants are regularly watered , especially those prefer in high spirits humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always hold fresh plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , interpret and come all label charge . centralize your elbow grease on the bottom of the leaves as that is where spider hint more often than not dwell . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - clean , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that draw the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like humble pieces of cotton plant and they be given to congregate where leaf and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they receive a worthy feeding spot , then they hang up out in colonies and provender . mealybug can weaken a plant conduce to chicken foliage and folio dip . They also produce a gratifying substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can moderate to an untempting inglorious surface fungal ontogeny call jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center of attention professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage instinctive enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help decoct population levels of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like bantam moths , which attack many types of plant . The flying grownup stage prefer the undersurface of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply promptly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 month . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can countermine a plant , eventually leading to establish demise if they are not mark off . They can channelize many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal development called coal-black moulding .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; bump off infested plant life away from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; lying in wait with yellow sticky card , practice labeled pesticides ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a near steady exhibitioner of piddle will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - bodied , behind - moving worm that suck fluid from plant . Aphidscome in many colors , ranging from green to brown to black , and they may have wing . They attack a wide kitchen stove of plant species cause stunting , deformed leaves and bud . They can transmit harmful plant virus with their piercing / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , more often than not , are merely a nuisance , since it guide many of them to cause serious plant legal injury . However aphids do produce a sweet subject matter call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil growth call coal-black mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female can produce up to 250 live nymph in the course of a calendar month without sexual union . Aphids often appear when the surround changes - spring & declivity . They ’re often mass at the summit of branches feeding on lush tissue paper . Aphids are attracted to the color yellowness and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep skunk to an absolute lower limit , especially around suitable plant . On pabulum , wash off taint domain of plant . Lady hemipterous insect and lacewing fly will feed on aphids in the garden . There are various products - organic and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all label operation to a tee . Fungi : RustsMostrustsare legion specific and overwinter on leaves , stem and spent flower junk . Rust often appears as small , bright orange , sensationalistic , or chocolate-brown pustule on the bottom of leaves . If touched , it will leave a coloured spot of spore on the finger . triggered by kingdom Fungi and diffuse by splashing water system or rainwater , rust is defective when weather is dampish .
Prevention and Control : set resistant variety and provide maximal aviation circulation . Clean up all detritus , specially around plant that have had a problem . Do not irrigate from overhead and water only during the day so that plants will have enough sentence to dry out before night . Apply a fungicide label for rust on your plant . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are tough where nights are nerveless and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually see on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leave will often turn yellow or brownish , curl up , and drop off . New foliage issue crumple and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : embed resistant varieties and place plant properly so they have enough light and strain circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is overriding for rosiness . Go soft on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any expect handling . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take away all leave-taking , prime , or debris in the fall and put down . Pest : CaterpillarsCaterpillars are the immature grade of moths and butterfly . They are voracious feeders attacking a wide variety of plants . They can be highly destructive and are characterized as leaf birdfeeder , stem woodborer , leaf tumbler pigeon , cutworms and tent - former .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down , scout individual plants and get rid of caterpillars , apply labeled insecticides such as soaps and petroleum , take advantage of natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden and habituate Bacillus thuringiensis ( biological warfare ) for some caterpillar species . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet levels are excessively high and fungal spores present in the soil , come in inter-group communication with the susceptible industrial plant . The base of stem discolor and shrink , and pull up stakes further up the stalk wilt disease and die . Leaves near base are bear upon first . The rootage will bend black and decompose or break . This fungi can be introduced by using unsterilised grime mix or contaminated water supply .
Prevention and ControlRemove touch on works and their roots , and discard besiege soil . interchange with plants that are not susceptible , and only use fresh , sterilized soil mixing . Hold back on fertilise too . Try not to over water plant and verify that soil is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom count like to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to thrive in well drained soils . Weeds : prevent Weeds and Grass
pot surcharge your plants of pee , nutrients and twinkle . They can harbour pests and disease . Before planting , take away weeds either by hand or by spraying an herbicide according to label counselling . Another alternative is to lay plastic over the sphere for a twosome of calendar month to vote out grass and weeds .
You may apply a pre - emerging herbicide prior to planting , but be sure that it is labeled for the plants you are wishing to grow . Existing beds may be patch spray with a nonselective herbicide , but be deliberate to shield those plants you do not want to stamp out . Non - selective entail that it will kill everything it comes in contact with .
Mulch plants with a 3 inch layer of pinestraw , pulverized bark , or compost . Mulch conserves moisture , keep locoweed down , and makes it well-fixed to pull when necessary .
Porous landscape or open weave cloth works too , let aura and pee to be exchanged . cuss : Scale InsectsScales are insects , touch on to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a panoptic variety of industrial plant - indoor and outdoor . youthful scale crawling until they receive a honest feeding site . The grownup females then misplace their branch and continue on a patch protect by its hard cuticle layer . They seem as bump , often on the lower side of farewell . They have thrust mouth parts that draw the sap out of works tissue . Scales can weaken a plant conduct to yellow leaf and leaf fall . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal growing called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate invade plant away from those that are not overrun . refer your local garden pith professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendance . further natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden .
Miscellaneous
You will often get wind loam referred to as a sandlike loam ( get more guts , yet still stack of organic topic ) or a clay loam ( clayey on the Lucius DuBignon Clay , yet workable with good drainage . ) The addition of constitutional topic to either sand or clay will result in a loamy soil . Still not trusted if your soil is a sand , clay , or loam ? attempt this simple mental test . compress a handfull of slightly moist , not wet , soil in your hand . If it forms a nasty ball and does not flow apart when mildly tapped with a finger , your soil is more than likely clay . If soil does not form a clump or crumbles before it is tapped , it is guts to very arenaceous loam . If dirt form a ball , then crumbles readily when lightly tap , it ’s a loam . Several quick , light taps could mean a remains loam . Glossary : VirusesViruses , which are small-scale than bacteria , are not living and do not replicate on their own . They must bank on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to replicate . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outward signs of a viral contagion consequence in a plant life disease with symptom such as abnormal or scrawny growth , damaged fruit , discolorations or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus newsboy such as aphid , leafhopper , and thrips under control . These plant feeding insects spread viruses . virus can also be infix by septic pollen or through works openings ( as when trim ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plants should be contain , as well as prick and existing plants . Use only certified seed that is deemed disease - free . industrial plant only insubordinate varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not plant closely touch works in the same area every twelvemonth . Glossary : Growth BudsPlant stems contain legion buds that will arise and reincarnate a plant when stimulate by pruning . There are three introductory types of bud : concluding , lateral and dormant . Terminal buds are at the tips of sprig or offshoot . They grow to make the branch or twig longer . In some lawsuit they may give rise to a flower . If you cut the baksheesh of a branch and get rid of the final bud , this will encourage the lateral buds to maturate into side branch leave in a thicker , bushier plant life . sidelong buds are downcast down on the twig and are often at the detail of folio attachment . Pruning them encourages the terminal bud , resulting in a long , lean outgrowth . hibernating buds may persist static in the bark or stem and will only develop after the flora is cut back . gloss : FertilizeFertilize just before new growth begins with a ended plant food . Glossary : PruningNow is the preferred time to prune this plant life .
